How Social Work Has Changed My Future Career - 2599 Words

Social work has been my dream career since I was an undergraduate student. The very first time when I thought to choose social work as my future career was from a volunteer experience. At that time I was the vice-president of my college’s volunteer association. My members and I went around Beijing doing various kinds of activities on a monthly base. During that time, one thing bothered we most was that it was always hard to come up with some ideas about what we could do next time. The association was just funded for less than two years, and for most of the time we were still exploring, as we were green and fresh and also lack of experience on organizing programs. Once we went to a nursing home to offer some activities to entertain those elder people. After performing some singing and dancing, both the elder and us felt that we had a great time together. During the debriefing session, I reviewed the whole project we had, thinking of what we could do to get an improvement next time. More volunteers might be an option because some of the residents needed escort to walk and more needed a wheelchair. But I awarded that there was something more important than this . I started to wonder what they really needed when we reached out for them. I was major in religion studies in the university and I knew religion could help people a lot in spiritual way, but that was beyond my ability. I really would like to do things that were more practical. That’s the moment when I realized myShow MoreRelatedGender Roles : Social And Behavioral Actions Essay1662 Words   |  7 PagesGender roles are known as the social and behavioral actions that are considered to be acceptable for individuals of a specific sex. Gender roles have been around for as long as human existence first appeared on earth, but then eventually started to affect future generations. The 1950’s were known as a pretty strict decade when it came to enforcing masculine and feminine roles. 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Personal Narrative My Best Friend - 1328 Words

â€Å"Okay sissy, don t cry,† she pleaded. I knew the day was coming up, but I tried not to think about it. She was my absolute best friend and I could not imagine living 1,300 miles away. Growing up, we were resentful of each other. We used words and actions to get our point across. Not only did we slap each other, but also kicked and punched. I cried even if it didn’t hurt, that was me being a baby. My dad would scoop me in his arms and at the same time, discipline my sister. It was satisfying if you had asked my 8 year old self. Later on, Madison turned into my soul mate, as I began middle school, up until she had graduated high school. From watching movies until our eyes were not susceptible to keep open, laughing convulsively†¦show more content†¦My grandparents had come to stay with me while my parents were going to take my sister, her pet rabbit, and all her belongings down to Norfolk, Virginia. 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On my birthday, I knew I could come visit, but that was so far away. A whole seven months. As I sauntered into the house, my grandma tried to get my attention, but I was not attentive at all. Besides, I wanted to be alone. I went into the three-season porch and sat in my dad’s black, leather office chair. As IShow MoreRelatedPersonal Narrative : My Best Friend1210 Words   |  5 PagesSunday, my friends and I were eating a meal of thick stew and crusty bread and drinking a pitcher of hot, spiced, and very watered-down wine. We’d chosen my room because it was the biggest and therefore had the most space for practicing weaponry, our afternoon plan. My friends ate and made small talk. We saw each other most days so sometimes it seemed like we ran out of real things to talk about. I was somewhat lost in my thoughts, about us and about our futures. Koilin was my best friend. 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Financial Statements of Cherry Ltd Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Financial Statements of Cherry Ltd. Answer: Reporting of the cherry picker acquired from Sweets Ltd. The given company Cherry Ltd. has a number of subsidiaries and is a large organization. The asset in the form of cherry picker has been reported at the cost of $ 80000 however the same was given to the company by another company named Sweets Limited when the operations of the company were closed last year. The management now wants to know as to why the same has been reported at $ 80000. As per the qualitative characteristics of financial statements, Para 53, an asset can only be recognised in the balance sheet only when it is having future economic benefit to the entity, the entity has control over it and directly or indirectly and it will lead to the flow of cash and cash equivalents(Alexander, 2016). It should also be a productive asset in the normal course of operations of the business. In the given case, the company has not acquired the given cherry picker in the normal course of operation, it was acquired from the other company when it was closing down the operations. Generally, such an asset which is acquired from a different company when the same is closing down its operations, then the same should be recorded at cost or the fair value of the asset at which the same was transferred to the transferee company by the transferor company(Boccia Leonardi, 2016). It can also be reported as the single asset in the form of the brand or goodwill in case of the busines s combination as is stated in the AASB 3, Para 13, which deals on accounting for business combinations. On the acquisition date, the acquirer will access the business conditions and recognise the identifiable assets and liabilities as per the contractual terms with the transferee of the assets and liabilities and then make the classification based on accounting policies and other pertinent conditions. It should either be reported at the fair value or the proportionate amount at which the acquisition of the total business was being made. This is being mentioned in Para 19 of AASB 3(Belton, 2017). With respect to the disclosure requirements in the financial statements, the acquisition of the assets from a different company should be reported in the current accounting period including the terms of the acquisition. Furthermore, it should also disclose all the relevant facts of the acquisition which enables the users of the financial statements to take decisions and understands the effect of the acquisition at multiple places in the financial statements(Choy, 2018). IN the given scenario, it needs to be assessed by the management and a proper report needs to be submitted to the senior management which will have the detailed calculation on the acquisition values of the asset. How the same is being reported at $ 80000, whether the same is the cost or the fair value of the asset as on the date of the acquisition or it is just the consideration for the asset which is being paid to Sweets limited(Chron, 2017). Furthermore, it also needs to be assessed whether the asset is to be revalued based on the business conditions or it will be reported at $ 80000. It has not been mentioned in the question that Sweets limited was one of its subsidiaries or any other company not having associated with the parent company Cherry Limited. In case Sweet Limited is a subsidiary of Cherry Limited, the cherry picker can be reported as income from discontinued operations rather than reporting of the same as an asset in the books. This is also been covered in AASB 101, Pa ra 15 and 16 which deals with Presentation of the Financial Statements(Dichev, 2017). Reporting of the ICSA award for which investment was made in staff development In the given case, the company made a huge investment in the development of its staff in order to win an award named International Customer Service Award which would have bought great and bid deals to the company. The decision was taken 2 years back by the company and now the question raised by the management is why the ICSA Award is not appearing in Balance sheet and is not being reported in the financial statements(Erik Jan, 2017). As per the accounting standards, asset can only be recorded in the books of accounts and the balance sheet when certain economic benefit is expected to be arising out of it and consideration has been paid and it is within the control of the entity. The other significant condition is that the same should be reliably measured and the asset must possess a cost. This is as per SAC 3, Qualitative characteristics of Financial Information(Dumay Baard, 2017). In the given case, the company has not incurred any cost directly for earning the award, the cost has been expended on training of the individuals rather than earning the award. Furthermore, the award in itself does not qualify to be recognised as an asset in the balance sheet on the virtue of its own as it does not entail any economic benefit for the business on its own. It is rather the impact of the award that helps the business in earning the big contracts and great deals(Jefferson, 2017). As per the accounting standards, internally developed intangible assets with a fixed life or duration, can be reported in the financial statements, provided it has economic benefits in the future and the company has done research and development on the same and any new asset has been developed in the process. But in the given case, such a thing cannot be established directly as the investment has been made in the training and development of the employees of the company and the same is generally charged to profit and loss account of the company as the training and development expenses or the employee welfare expenses. AASB 101 also talks about offsetting of the assets and liabilities and the incomes and the expenses which is not allowed in the normal course of the business and the company should report the assets and liabilities separately and uniquely(Flix, 2017). Thus, in the given case, it can be concluded that the company would not be able to reliably measure the award which is being given to the company in lieu of the efforts and training and development of its workforce. It is thus, free of cost to the company. Moreover, the probable economic benefits in the future do not directly accrue from the award and hence it does not qualify the definition of the asset. The expense which has been incurred by the company to invest heavily in the development of the staff satisfies the definition of the revenue expenditure rather than the capital expenditure and therefore, it should be charged off in profit and loss account rather than finding a place in the balance sheet(Goldmann, 2016). This also justifies the fact that the contention of the senior management of Cherry Limited that the ISCA Award is one of the biggest assets of the company and thereby should be reported in the financial statements is also wrong and the reporting is correctly done(Go oley, 2016). Reporting of the Assets at fair value rather than cost In the given case, the company has given a note in the financial statements that assets are being reported at cost currently in the financial statements. The auditors of the company have mentioned that the assets should be reported at fair value in the financials rather than the cost in order to have better presentation and reporting and in order to meet the framework of Accounting Standards Board but the company has a view that reporting of assets at cost better meets the qualitative characteristics of the good financial information for the end users(Visinescu, et al., 2017). As per the SAC 3 on Qualitative characteristics of Financial information, para 16-26 talks on the reliability of the financial information, which is ensured by reporting the values of the assets in the best possible manner. AASB 13 dealing with Fair value measurement and AASB 116 dealing in property, plant and equipment talks on the recognition of the assets in the financial statements(Tysiac, 2017). It states that the Property, Plant and Equipment should be recognised as an asset when it is having probable economic benefit in the future and it will flow to the entity and that its cost can be measured reliably. All the initial costs which help the asset to bring to bring to the workable condition such that the economic benefits can be derived out of it like the transportation expenses, installation expenses should all be capitalised with the value of the assets initially(Sithole, et al., 2017). All the assets then need to be assessed for impairment periodically as and when the situat ion arises as per AASB 136 which deals with impairment on assets. IN terms of the subsequent costs that are being incurred on the asset the same needs to be charged to profit and loss account unless a major repair work has been done on the asset, which will help in improving the life of the assets or will increase the economic benefits derived out of it. With respect to final recognition in the financial statements at the year end, the assets particularly the property plant and equipment needs to be recognised at cost in the Balance sheet less the accumulated depreciation and the impairment costs. This has been explained in Para 30 of AASB 116. For a non-profit making entity, all such assets are required to be valued at the fair value, as on the date of acquisition, irrespective of whether it has been acquired at no cost or at a nominal cost(Saeidi, 2012). These costs will include the initial cost of purchase, the cost directly attributable to it and the cost of dismantling and reor ganising the assets to its workable condition. The examples of costs directly attributable include the cost of the site preparation, handling and delivery costs, installation and assembling costs, professional fees, etc. The above concept of measurement of the value of the asset at cost needs to be applied to the assets like land, building, plant and machinery, inventories, etc. However, in case of the financial assets and all the other non-financial assets, the valuation should be done as per the fair valuation approach(Knechel Salterio, 2016). The use of fair value comes when an asset is being acquired or being sold to a different entity. In such a circumstance, the asset should always be valued at the fair value. Fair value is the rational estimate of the value of the asset or liability which it would fetch or has to be incurred respectively when being sold in the market. It should be measured without any biasness at the arms length price in case of related parties. It takes into account factors like distribution costs, production cost, replacement cost, risks in the market and others factors like cost of capital and return on capital(Meroo-Cerdn, et al., 2017). IT is one of the standard concepts being used in accounting particularly in the case of mergers and acquisitions and reporting of the derivative assets. This concept takes into account the abilit y of one market participant to generate the maximum economic benefit out of the assets best and highest use by selling it to another market participant who will be deriving the best benefit out of it by using the asset at its highest use. The highest and best possible use can only be applied in case the asset satisfies 3 conditions namely physical possibility, financially feasibility and legal permissibility. As per Para 34 of AASB 13, Fair value measurement assumes that financial as well as the non-financial assets or the entitys own equity instrument , whatever it may be, is being transferred to the market participant, on the measurement date(Piesse, 2017). One other type of asset and liabilities which needs to be valued at fair value in the financial statements is when the assets and liabilities are being exchanged in an exchange transaction. In such a scenario, the fair value of the asset or liability is being measured and then paid (for liability) or received (to sell the asset). Normally, such transactions do not happen at the original cost value at which the asset was procured. While using the fair valuation techniques, it should be kept in mind that the correct rate of discounting is being used and the assets and liabilities are not unnecessarily inflated while valuation. All the assumptions and estimates being made while such a valuation must be clearly stated in the financial statements. Thus, it can be concluded from the above discussion that it is not necessary that all the assets needs to be valued as cost or all the assets needs to be valued at the fair values, it should first be seen as to what is the nature of the asset (financial, non-financial, tangible, intangible, etc.) and also the nature of the transaction (exchange transaction or transaction in the normal course of business or acquisition of the asset) and then the decision needs to be taken as to whether it should be valued at fair value or the cost. Appropriate disclosures must be given in this regard. References Alexander, F., 2016. The Changing Face of Accountability. The Journal of Higher Education, 71(4), pp. 411-431. Belton, P., 2017. Competitive Strategy: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. London: Macat International ltd. Boccia, F. Leonardi, R., 2016. The Challenge of the Digital Economy. Markets, Taxation and Appropriate Economic Models, pp. 1-16. Choy, Y. K., 2018. Cost-benefit Analysis, Values, Wellbeing and Ethics: An Indigenous Worldview Analysis. Ecological Economics, p. 145. Chron, 2017. five-common-features-internal-control-system-business. [Online] Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/five-common-features-internal-control-system-business-430.html[Accessed 07 december 2017]. Dichev, I., 2017. On the conceptual foundations of financial reporting. Accounting and Business Research, 47(6), pp. 617-632. Dumay, J. Baard, V., 2017. An introduction to interventionist research in accounting.. The Routledge Companion to Qualitative Accounting Research Methods, p. 265. Erik, H. Jan, B., 2017. Supply chain management and activity-based costing: Current status and directions for the future. International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management, 47(8), pp. 712-735. Flix, M., 2017. A study on the expected impact of IFRS 17 on the transparency of financial statements of insurance companies. MASTER THESIS, pp. 1-69. Goldmann, K., 2016. Financial Liquidity and Profitability Management in Practice of Polish Business. Financial Environment and Business Development, Volume 4, pp. 103-112. Gooley, J., 2016. Principles of Australian Contract Law. Australia: Lexis Nexis. Jefferson, M., 2017. Energy, Complexity and Wealth Maximization, R. Ayres. Springer, Switzerland. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, pp. 353-354. Knechel, W. Salterio, S., 2016. Auditing:Assurance and Risk. fourth ed. New York: Routledge. Meroo-Cerdn, A., Lopez-Nicolas, C. Molina-Castillo, F., 2017. Risk aversion, innovation and performance in family firms. Economics of Innovation and new technology, pp. 1-15. Piesse, E., 2017. Mobile phones and Siri-style assistants a growing threat to online security, s.l.: s.n. Saeidi, F., 2012. Audit expectations gap and corporate fraud: Empirical evidence from Iran. African Journal of Business Management, 6(23), pp. 7031-41. Sithole, S., Chandler, P., Abeysekera, I. Paas, F., 2017. Benefits of guided self-management of attention on learning accounting. Journal of Educational Psychology, 109(2), p. 220. Tysiac, K., 2017. Rulemaking gives auditors a chance to provide more insight. Journal of Accountancy. Visinescu, L., Jones, M. Sidorova, A., 2017. Improving Decision Quality: The Role of Business Intelligence. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 57(1), pp. 58-66.

TSA and the Implementations of the Body Scanners in Airports

After America suffered a terrorist attack in 2001, drastic changes were introduced in commercial airports across the world. In the U.S Transportation Security Administration (TSA) and use of full body scanners at airport checkpoints was introduced by the government.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on TSA and the Implementations of the Body Scanners in Airports specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Since then, passengers have to be scanned for threat items thoroughly before boarding a plane. The introduction of these new measures brought about mixed reaction from passengers. Although, most of the passengers approved the body scanning others felt it was violation of their privacy right. In the paper, how scanners work, has been discussed. The problem of violation of pivacy and strategy to solve it has also been discussed. Introduction After the terrorist attacks of 2001, the US government had to respond on security me asures done in airports (Chad, 42). In response to this the federal government developed new legislation, that is, Aviation and Transportation Security Act (ATSA). This act led to the establishment of Transportation Security Administration which was to boost security within the US airports. TSA had to recruit employees to supply all commercial airports with staff to improve security. Initially, TSA officials started with the use of private security screeners. During these initial stages of implementation, TSA was faced the problem of few staffs to screen passengers and their baggage. After a few months, TSA officials started using fully body scanners on passengers. These scanners improved the security checkup efficiency greatly as they could scan things which cannot be identified by other scanners. These scanners show the image of a person naked without clothes. These scanners thus have made it easier and quicker for TSA security officers to carry out thorough checkups on passengers . These fully body scanners have thus reduced significantly the long waits and queues experienced by passengers in commercial airports before. Although, these scanners have with them a lot of advantages on bases of time and accuracy, a great concern on privacy of passengers have become an issue. The issue of privacy on passengers has become a major problem against the full body scanners. Although, majority of the passengers agree on use of full body scanners, a number still perceive it as violation of personal right.Advertising Looking for term paper on homeland security? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is because it portrays the naked features of a person. Another problem associated with full body scanners is the health risk of getting cancer. Although, there is not enough evidence to support the scanners to cause cancer, the radiations emitted from them pose a great risk. In the paper, discussion on how scanners work, p roblem of privacy and strategies to solve it are done. How body scanners work? There are different types of full body scanners used in the US commercial airports. The mainly used two include those based on backscatter X-ray technology and those which are based on millimeter wave technology. Backscatter uses X-ray scanners apply low power X-rays to illuminate a person’s body, forming an image from the generated reflection energy (Brain, 1). This scanners work on the basis of the lower the atomic number, the stronger the reflection. This is because our human bodies contain low atomic number, the results is a bright image. The other full body scanner type is the millimeter-wave technology. These scanners use short wavelength radio signals which are of a few millimeters (Brain, 1). The secret behind these scanners is that, these wavelength signals reflect strongly from conductive objects. This makes metallic objects reflect strong as compared to our bodies which are relatively we ak in moderating reflection. Thus, if a person is carrying a gun, the gun will show a more bright image as compared as to his body. This millimeter-wave technology is better than the backscatter X-ray scanners when it comes to health risks (Brain, 1). This is because the millimeter-wave scanners expose people to very low radiation as compared to the backscatter scanners. This makes them not to likely cause skin cancer as compared to backscatter scanners. Though, their effectiveness in scanning metallic things, full body scanners have some negatives. It is feared that it is hard for them to detect liquid matters or things hidden below the skin. Privacy Violation Problem Introduction of full body scanners in commercial airports, though effective and quick have led to the problem of personal privacy violation. The full body scanners portray a person’s appearance which is hidden by clothes. They expose the private features and appearance of an individual which some people strongl y feel is violation of their privacy right (Chad, 53). This has become a big challenge for TSA officials especially when passengers refuse the full body scanning to be done on them.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on TSA and the Implementations of the Body Scanners in Airports specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Those people, who oppose use of full body scanners to stripe passengers without any probable reason, see it as a violation of human right by the government. They argue that the government has no right to trespass the privacy of a person just to prevent the unknown (Bart, 5). These passengers feel that the government has gone too far when it made it a routine to be scanned in commercial airports. Although, over 50 percent of passengers think it is a good idea and feels comfortable, a certain percentage of passengers feel uncomfortable and thus dislike the idea (Bart, 5). In some cases, it has been reported of some passengers opting to travel to evade the full body scanning. The violation of privacy right is evident in some commercial airports where some TSA officers have been reported to use the scanned images as a form of pornography. When passengers get to know such kind of information, they will try to avoid the full body scanning by evading flying. TSA officers have also been reported to harass passengers who want to retain their privacy by refusing to undergo through full body scanning. These passengers are given the option of pat-down procedure but which has become more intense and goes further not to exclude private parts. Pat-down procedures have been changed so that those passengers not willing to undergo scanning will also be checked thoroughly. These pat-down are done by TSA officials of same sex as the passenger (Bart, 6). This is to enhance even checking of private parts for hidden weapons. These pat-down have gone too far such that TSA officials are allowed to use front part of their hands to check private parts of passengers. This has led to violation of a human right and seems as sexual assault. Petitions against full body scanners have been taken to court with no avail. The courts have characterized routine checkups at airports as warrantless and which are not prohibited by the constitution (National Research Council, 23). This airport checking have been made no optional thus for those not willing to undergo them they should avoid flying. The court recently ruled the airport searches as reasonable and a passenger should not be allowed to avoid them. This is because such a rule would encourage terrorists to attempt to penetrate security scanning. Thus, the court has allowed for no exception for passenger who do not want to undergo the full body scanning or the extensive pat-down. The courts have thus ignored the constitutional rights on personal privacy when it comes to checks in airports.Advertising Looking for term paper on homeland security? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Strategy applied by TSA to stop violation of human right Privacy issue about full body scanners has become a major problem for TSA with petitions against the scanners going to courts regularly. Airports have even reported a decrease of passengers in airports as they opt to travel and avoid the full body as well as baggage scanners. These scanning processes and checkups by TSA consume a lot of time forcing passengers to arrive even two hours before departure. TSA has thus been forced to adopt the strategy of using burled images. This is enabled by use of millimeter-wave technology and pat-down searches (Bart, 6). These millimeter-wave scanners have been developed not to show clear images of a naked person. They have been developed such that blur distinctive features like facial features are not recognized by scanners (Bart, 6). These filters also hinder a clear appearance of the passengers’ nakedness which prevents clear vision of their private body parts. These millimeter-wav e scanners are thus offering privacy to passengers as TSA scanners can only see burled images of passengers undergoing scanning. On the other hand, X-ray backscatter systems have been developed to apply computer algorithms. These computer algorithms portray images of passengers in a sketch form and still detect concealed weapons. These sketch images do not show body features of passengers clearly thus preventing their privacy. The TSA has also set the scanners in a way that the screener checking on passengers cannot see the individual that was imaged. The screener is also based in an enclosed space which cannot be accessed by the public. The screening system is also set in a way to have no capacity for image storage or sharing. The screeners are also prohibited to have with them any image recording items like cameras. Therefore, images are deleted immediately a passenger has passed the screening process. Currently, TSA is developing scanners which have the capability to identify thr eat items and respond automatically to them without necessary use of the whole body image (National Research Council, 87). Improvements on current scanners are underway with testing been done first. These modifications will enable scanners to show images of generic figures with boxes identifying threats to screeners instead of portraying actual body images. TSA is thus making a big progress in ensuring passengers privacy is prevented while still efficiently scanning for threat items on passengers’ bodies. Conclusion Though the government has improved security in commercial airports within US, introduction of TSA and implementation of full body scanners has led to problems. Although most of the passengers are happy about full body scanners and feel more secure when flying, some passengers has seen this as a violation of their human right. Use of full body scanners has thus brought about mixed reaction among passengers. Court petitions against use of full body scanners have bee n ruled out even though they violate a constitutional right of personal privacy. TSA has thus taken it their responsibility to address the issue of privacy violation on passengers. TSA has applied the strategy of scanning passengers through use of burled images that do not reveal actual nakedness of passengers. TSA has thus modified scanners to accommodate for privacy of passengers. By doing this, TSA will reduce scanning resistance from passengers as their privacy is protected. This will also encourage those passengers who have not been flying on fear of privacy violation and health risk to feel secure again to fly. Works Cited Bart, Elias. â€Å"Changes in Airport Passenger Screening Technologies and Procedures: Frequently Asked Questions.† Congressional Research Service. 26 Jan. 2011. Web. Brain, M. How Airport Full-Body Scanners Work – and the huge debate around the TSA right now. HowStuffWorks, Inc., 17 Nov. 2010. Web. Chad, C. Homeland Security Department: FY 201 1 Appropriations. Philadelphia: DIANE Publishing, 2011. Print. National Research Council. Assessment of millimeter-wave and terahertz technology for detection and identification of concealed explosive and weapons. New York: National Academies Press, 2007. 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